研究論文 doi 10 16801 j issn 1008 7303 2021 0143 番茄葉霉病菌對氟唑菌酰羥胺敏感基線的建立及 氟唑菌酰羥胺田間防病效果評價 李秀環(huán)1 禾麗菲1 李北興1 姜 林2 劉 峰1 慕 衛(wèi) 1 1 山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué) 植物保護學(xué)院 山東省蔬菜病蟲生物學(xué)重點實驗室 山東省高校農(nóng)藥毒理與應(yīng)用技術(shù)重點實驗室 山東 泰安 271018 2 山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué) 化工與材料科學(xué)學(xué)院 山東 泰安 271018 摘 要 氟唑菌酰羥胺 pydiflumetofen 是一種新型SDHI類殺菌劑 目前在中國僅登記用于防 治小麥赤霉病和油菜菌核病 為明確其對番茄葉霉病的防治潛力 測定了番茄葉霉病菌 Passalora fulva 不同發(fā)育階段以及山東省不同地區(qū)采集的菌株對氟唑菌酰羥胺的敏感性 并驗 證了其田間防治效果 結(jié)果表明 氟唑菌酰羥胺對番茄葉霉病菌不同發(fā)育階段均具有較強的抑 制活性 其中對孢子萌發(fā)和芽管伸長的抑制作用較強 在0 10 g mL劑量下抑制率均達 50 以上 采用菌絲生長速率法測得從山東省8個地區(qū)采集分離的103個菌株的EC50值在 0 04 1 74 g mL之間 平均值為 0 67 0 41 g mL 其敏感性頻率分布呈單峰曲線 可將該 平均EC50值作為番茄葉霉病菌對氟唑菌酰羥胺的敏感性基線 兩年的田間藥效試驗結(jié)果表 明 200 g L氟唑菌酰羥胺懸浮劑 SC 以有效成分200 g hm2劑量連續(xù)施藥兩次 距末次施藥 后7 d對番茄葉霉病的田間防治效果均達80 以上 顯著高于對照藥劑甲基硫菌靈 thiophanate methyl 有效成分540 g hm2 和氟吡菌酰胺 fluopyram 有效成分150 g hm2 的防治效 果 本研究結(jié)果可為氟唑菌酰羥胺在防治番茄葉霉病上應(yīng)用提供數(shù)據(jù)支持 關(guān)鍵詞 番茄葉霉病菌 氟唑菌酰羥胺 殺菌活性 敏感基線 田間防效 中圖分類號 S482 2 文獻標(biāo)志碼 A Sensitivity baseline to pydiflumetofen in Passalora fulva and control efficacy of pydiflumetofen against tomato leaf mold LI Xiuhuan1 HE Lifei1 LI Beixing1 JIANG Lin2 LIU Feng1 MU Wei 1 1 Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology 2 College of Chemistry and Material Science Shandong Agricultural University Taian 271018 Shandong Province China Abstract Pydiflumetofen is a novel succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor SDHI which shows excellent inhibitory activity to many plant pathogens such as Fusarium graminearum and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum In this study the sensitivity to pydiflumetofen of Passalora fulva strains collected from 8 收稿日期 2021 04 28 錄用日期 2021 07 02 網(wǎng)絡(luò)首發(fā)日期 2021 09 09 Received Apr 28 2021 Accepted Jul 2 2021 Published online Sep 9 2021 URL https doi org 10 16801 j issn 1008 7303 2021 0143 基金項目 國家重點研發(fā)計劃 2016YFD0200500 Funding Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China 2016YFD0200500 第一作者 First author E mail lixiuhuan0822 通信作者 Corresponding author E mail muwei The authors declare that they have no competing interests 農(nóng)藥學(xué)學(xué)報 2022 24 1 66 72 Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science E mail nyxuebao cities in Shandong Province were tested by using mycelial growth rate method In addition the control efficacy of pydiflumetofen to tomato leaf mold were also investigated in field The results showed that pydiflumetofen had strong inhibitory activity on three developmental stages of P fulva and the inhibitory activities on spore gemination and germ tube elongation were higher than that on mycelial growth Inhibition rate of pydiflumetofen to spore gemination and germ tube elongation of P fulva was over 50 at 0 10 g mL The EC50 values frequency distribution of 103 P fulva isolates to pydiflumetofen on mycelial growth was a unimodal curve and could be regarded as the baseline sensitivity The EC50 values ranged from 0 04 to 1 74 g mL with a mean of 0 67 0 41 g mL In field trials of two years after the last application at the dose of 200 g a i hm2 the control efficacy of pydiflumetofen was above 80 which was significantly higher than that of thiophanate methyl 540 g a i hm2 and fluopyram 150 g a i hm2 This study provides data support for monitoring the resistance of tomato leaf mold to pydiflumetofen and for efficient controlling tomato leaf mold Keywords Passalora fulva pydiflumetofen activity of fungicide sensitivity baseline control efficacy 番茄葉霉病由真菌黃枝孢菌 Passalora fulva Cooke U Braun b Data marked by different letters in the same column are significant different at 0 05 level 70 農(nóng) 藥 學(xué) 學(xué) 報 Vol 24 治番茄灰霉病 早疫病 葉霉病以及番茄根結(jié)線 蟲等 17 這在一定程度上增加了SDHI類藥劑對田 間番茄葉霉病菌的選擇壓 使得田間容易出現(xiàn)抗 性菌株 因此在建立殺菌劑的敏感基線時 菌株 來源 藥劑使用背景 菌株數(shù)和測定敏感性的試 驗方法等非常關(guān)鍵 25 本研究中使用的103株番 茄葉霉病菌來自山東省的8個地區(qū) 分布相對均 勻且采集地未曾使用過SDHI類藥劑 具有一定 的代表性 其平均EC50值 0 67 0 41 g mL 可 以作為山東地區(qū)番茄葉霉病菌對氟唑菌酰羥胺的 敏感基線 用于未來田間的抗性監(jiān)測 He等建立了山東省番茄灰霉病菌對氟唑菌酰 羥胺的敏感性基線 認為氟唑菌酰羥胺防治灰霉 病具有潛在的抗性風(fēng)險 21 Hou等建立了禾谷鐮 刀菌對氟唑菌酰羥胺的敏感性基線 并指出氟唑 菌酰羥胺與苯并咪唑類殺菌劑之間無交互抗性 13 由于SDHI類藥劑獨特的作用方式 與其他類型 藥劑間通常不存在交互抗性 且有研究表明即使 同為SDHI類品種 部分藥劑之間也可能不存在交 互抗性 如啶酰菌胺和氟吡菌酰胺 26 27 王曉坤等 報道 多種三唑類殺菌劑對葉霉病的毒力很高 28 因此 將氟唑菌酰羥胺與苯醚甲環(huán)唑復(fù)配 17 防治 番茄葉霉病是可行的 同時對番茄灰霉病 灰葉 斑病可能具有較好的兼治作用 多數(shù)研究往往只注重殺菌劑的保護作用或者 治療作用 而殺菌劑的保護和治療作用在田間應(yīng) 用時很難得到嚴格控制和設(shè)計 因此 在殺菌劑 的應(yīng)用中同時研究保護和治療作用非常重要 29 兩年的田間防治試驗結(jié)果表明 氟唑菌酰羥胺的 施用劑量越大 防效越高 且在發(fā)病前施藥的保 護作用效果遠高于發(fā)病后再施藥的治療效果 且 發(fā)病越重 防效也會降低 這可能與氟唑菌酰羥 胺對葉霉病菌的孢子萌發(fā)和芽管伸長具有較強的 抑制活性 能夠有效阻止病原菌入侵和擴散有 關(guān) 因此 建議在發(fā)病前或發(fā)病初期施藥 與對 照藥劑氟吡菌酰胺相比 同等劑量下 氟唑菌酰 羥胺的防效稍高但并不顯著 而甲基硫菌靈防效 很低 因此不建議以單劑形式使用 參考文獻 References NOVAK A The characterisation of fungi Passalora fulva Cooke U Braun Crous pathotypes causer of tomato leaf mold in Croatia J Poljoprivreda 2012 18 2 65 66 1 韓文華 許文奎 劉石磊 等 番茄葉霉病生理小種分化及抗病育種 2 研究進展 J 遼寧農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué) 2005 5 35 37 HAN W H XU W K LIU S L et al Research advance on race differentiation and breeding for resistance to tomato leaf 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